Calculate VAT
Convert an amount from excluding to including VAT, or work out the VAT from an amount including VAT. With the Dutch rates and those of all EU countries.
- Excluding VAT
- €100.00
- VAT (21%)
- €21.00
- Including VAT
- €121.00
Calculation: €100.00 × 1.21 = €121.00
VAT rates in the EU
The standard VAT rates per country, plus the reduced rates in the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany and France (as of November 2026). A reduced rate only applies to certain products, such as food.
| Country | Standard rate | Reduced (e.g.) |
|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | 21% | 9% |
| Belgium | 21% | 12%, 6% |
| Germany | 19% | 7% |
| France | 20% | 10%, 5.5% |
| Austria | 20% | – |
| Bulgaria | 20% | – |
| Cyprus | 19% | – |
| Czechia | 21% | – |
| Denmark | 25% | – |
| Estonia | 24% | – |
| Finland | 25.5% | – |
| Greece | 24% | – |
| Croatia | 25% | – |
| Hungary | 27% | – |
| Ireland | 23% | – |
| Italy | 22% | – |
| Lithuania | 21% | – |
| Luxembourg | 17% | – |
| Latvia | 21% | – |
| Malta | 18% | – |
| Poland | 23% | – |
| Portugal | 23% | – |
| Romania | 21% | – |
| Sweden | 25% | – |
| Slovenia | 22% | – |
| Slovakia | 23% | – |
| Spain | 21% | – |
VAT and shipping costs
If your webshop charges the customer for shipping, the same VAT rate applies to it as to the product. If one order contains both 9% and 21% products, you split the shipping costs in proportion to the amounts.
Frequently asked questions
How do you calculate VAT?+
Excluding to including: multiply by 1.21 (at 21%) or 1.09 (at 9%). Including to excluding: divide by 1.21 or 1.09. The VAT is the difference. Example: €100 excluding VAT is €121 including VAT, of which €21 is VAT.
How do you work out the VAT from an amount including VAT?+
Divide the amount by 1 plus the rate. €121 including 21% VAT: 121 / 1.21 = €100 excluding VAT, so €21 VAT. Note: 21% of €121 (€25.41) is not the VAT; that’s a common mistake.
Which VAT rate applies to my webshop?+
In the Netherlands, 21% is the standard rate. The reduced rate of 9% applies to, among other things, most food products. Not sure about your product? Check the website of the Dutch Tax Administration (Belastingdienst) or ask your accountant.
Which VAT rate do I charge when selling to consumers abroad?+
If you sell more than €10,000 a year in total to consumers in other EU countries, you charge the VAT rate of the customer’s country. You declare this through the One Stop Shop (OSS) with the Dutch Tax Administration (Belastingdienst). Below that, you may keep the Dutch rate.
Are these rates correct?+
We keep the rates up to date (as of November 2026), but countries sometimes change them. Check the current rate in the European Commission’s Taxes in Europe Database. This tool is a calculator, not tax advice.
Need help?
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